declare a struct with c++ vectors in a header file...

B

beet

Hi all,

I tried to declare a c++ struct like following in a header file:

------
1 #ifndef _SEARCHDATA_H_
2 #define _SEARCHDATA_H_
3
4 #include <vector>
5 #include <list>
6
7 typedef struct searchIterInfo searchIter;
8 struct searchIterInfo {
9 searchIterInfo ():
10 contPts(0), //continuous trial points
11 contFvs(0), //fv for cont points
12 contFerrors(0), //std errors for cont points
13 gradients(0), //list of gradients
14 intPts(0), //evaluated int points
15 intFvs(0), //function values for int points
16 intFerrors(0), //errors for int points
17 intPtList(0), //the monotone list of points
18 simList(0), //the simplex list
19 seedVals(0), //the seed values
20 hMtx(0) {}; //the estimated hesian matrix
21
22 vector< vector<double> > contPts;
23 vector<double> contFvs;
24 vector<double> contFerrors;
25 vector< vector<double> > gradients;
26 vector< vector<int> > intPts;
27 vector<double> intFvs;
28 vector<double> intFerrors;
29 list<int> intPtList;
30 list<int> simList;
31 vector<double> seedVals;
32 vector< vector<double> > hMtx;
33 int iterID; //the sample path index
34 double sampleSize; //the sample size for this sp
35 };
36 #endif
-----------------

I got compiler errors:

g++ -Wall -g -c retroSearch.cpp
In file included from retroSearch.cpp:3:
searchData.h:22: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `vector' with
no type
searchData.h:22: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h:23: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `vector' with
no type
searchData.h:23: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h:24: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `vector' with
no type
searchData.h:24: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h:25: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `vector' with
no type
searchData.h:25: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h:26: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `vector' with
no type
searchData.h:26: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h:27: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `vector' with
no type
searchData.h:27: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h:28: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `vector' with
no type
searchData.h:28: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h:29: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `list' with no
type
searchData.h:29: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h:30: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `list' with no
type
searchData.h:30: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h:31: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `vector' with
no type
searchData.h:31: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h:32: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of `vector' with
no type
searchData.h:32: error: expected `;' before '<' token
searchData.h: In constructor `searchIterInfo::searchIterInfo()':
searchData.h:10: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `contPts'
searchData.h:11: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `contFvs'
searchData.h:12: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `contFerrors'
searchData.h:13: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `gradients'
searchData.h:14: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `intPts'
searchData.h:15: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `intFvs'
searchData.h:16: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `intFerrors'
searchData.h:17: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `intPtList'
searchData.h:18: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `simList'
searchData.h:19: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `seedVals'
searchData.h:20: error: class `searchIterInfo' does not have any field
named `hMtx'
searchData.h: At global scope:
searchData.h:36: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type
conversion before '<' token
searchData.h:37: error: `vector' was not declared in this scope
searchData.h:37: error: expected primary-expression before "int"
searchData.h:37: error: expected primary-expression before '&' token
searchData.h:37: error: expected primary-expression before ',' token
searchData.h:37: error: expected primary-expression before "double"
searchData.h:37: error: expected primary-expression before "double"
searchData.h:37: error: initializer expression list treated as
compound expression
searchData.h:38: error: variable or field `addPt' declared void
searchData.h:38: error: `vector' was not declared in this scope
searchData.h:38: error: expected primary-expression before "int"
searchData.h:38: error: expected primary-expression before '&' token
searchData.h:38: error: expected primary-expression before ',' token
searchData.h:38: error: expected primary-expression before "double"
searchData.h:38: error: expected primary-expression before "double"
searchData.h:38: error: initializer expression list treated as
compound express

****************

I am a beginer of c++ programming, so anyone pls help me. Thanks a
lot.

Beet

#endif
 
J

joseph cook

      1 #ifndef _SEARCHDATA_H_
      2 #define _SEARCHDATA_H_
Click to expand...

Names cannot begin with an underscore and a Capital letter (they are
reserved by the implementation)
      7 typedef struct searchIterInfo searchIter;
Click to expand...

I suspect this is a C-ism, and is not something you need in C++ code.
      8 struct searchIterInfo {
      9     searchIterInfo ():
     10     contPts(0),       //continuous trial points>
Click to expand...

There's no need to zero initialize std::vector types here...

Joe Cook
 
E

Eric Pruneau

beet said:
Hi all,

I tried to declare a c++ struct like following in a header file:

------
1 #ifndef _SEARCHDATA_H_
2 #define _SEARCHDATA_H_
3
4 #include <vector>
5 #include <list>
6
Click to expand...

add :
using namespace std;

or you gonna have to be type 'std::vector' instead of just 'vector'.
vector (list too) is a class inside the namespace std.

7 typedef struct searchIterInfo searchIter;
Click to expand...

Looks like C style programming here (line 7) and by the way you are not
using searchIter
8 struct searchIterInfo {
9 searchIterInfo ():
10 contPts(0), //continuous trial points
11 contFvs(0), //fv for cont points
12 contFerrors(0), //std errors for cont points
13 gradients(0), //list of gradients
14 intPts(0), //evaluated int points
15 intFvs(0), //function values for int points
16 intFerrors(0), //errors for int points
17 intPtList(0), //the monotone list of points
18 simList(0), //the simplex list
19 seedVals(0), //the seed values
20 hMtx(0) {}; //the estimated hesian matrix
21
Click to expand...

why are you doing something like contPts(0). This actually calls the
constructor of vector with 0 as a parameter.
So after that your vector has size 0... useless
22 vector< vector<double> > contPts;
Click to expand...

when I have a line like that, I usually do:

typedef vector<double> VecDouble;
vector<VecDouble> contPtrs;

That way you avoid the >> problem
 
B

beet

* Eric Pruneau:


Never define names starting with underscore followed by uppercase letter.

Those are reserved for the C++ implementation.

That also goes for use of double underscore.




I'm sorry, but that is extremely bad advice.

Never add "using namespace std;" in a header file. It will force unqualified
names from the standard library, on all code that uses the header file. And in
particular, "string" and "vector" are commonly used names for other things than
the standard library classes, and you really don't want to screw up things for
code that uses those names  --  that's why the standard library uses "std::".

Conversely, when you see "using namespace std;" in a header file then you know
that the author is incompetent or an utter novice.

Cheers, & hth.,

- Alf

--
A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is it such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing on usenet and in e-mail?
Click to expand...

Thanks for your replies...
I modified a bit my code according to your comments, but it seems
problems with declaration of functions:

g++ -Wall -g -c searchData.cpp
searchData.cpp: In function `int searchPt(std::vector<int,
std::allocator<int> >&, searchIter&, double&, double&)':
searchData.cpp:46: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned
integer expressions
g++ -Wall -g -o runinv functionfile.o retroSearch.o searchData.o
simlib.o myinv.o mxCalc.o optSolver.o
optSolver.o(.text+0x1d27): In function `egSearch(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, double, float&, double&, searchIterInfo&,
float)':
/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:351:
undefined reference to `getInitStep(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, int, float, int)'
optSolver.o(.text+0x1ffb):/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/
simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:382: undefined reference to
`getInitStep(std::vector<double, std::allocator<double> > const&,
std::vector<double, std::allocator<double> >&, int, float, int)'
optSolver.o(.text+0x4039): In function `fcn(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, double, searchIterInfo&, int, int, float)':
/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:711:
undefined reference to `simplexInterp(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<std::vector<int,
std::allocator<std::vector<int said:
&, std::vector<int, std::allocator<int> >&, int, float, int)'
Click to expand...
optSolver.o(.text+0x465c): In function `fcnPart(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, double, int, searchIterInfo&, int, int,
float)':
/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:768:
undefined reference to `simplexInterp(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<std::vector<int,
std::allocator<std::vector<int said:
&, std::vector<int, std::allocator<int> >&, int, float, int)'
Click to expand...
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [runinv] Error 1

shell returned 2

----my code ---

1 #ifndef _searchData_
2 #define _searchData_
3 #include <vector>
4 #include <list>
5
6 typedef struct searchIterInfo {
7 searchIterInfo ():
8 contPts(0), //continuous trial points
9 contFvs(0), //fv for cont points
10 contFerrors(0), //std errors for cont points
11 gradients(0), //list of gradients
12 intPts(0), //evaluated int points
13 intFvs(0), //function values for int points
14 intFerrors(0), //errors for int points
15 intPtList(0), //the monotone list of points
16 simList(0), //the simplex list
17 seedVals(0), //the seed values
18 hMtx(0) {}; //the estimated hesian matrix
19
20 std::vector< std::vector<double> > contPts;
21 std::vector<double> contFvs;
22 std::vector<double> contFerrors;
23 std::vector< std::vector<double> > gradients;
24 std::vector< std::vector<int> > intPts;
25 std::vector<double> intFvs;
26 std::vector<double> intFerrors;
27 std::list<int> intPtList;
28 std::list<int> simList;
29 std::vector<int> seedVals;
30 std::vector< std::vector<double> > hMtx;
31 int iterID; //the sample path index
32 double sampleSize; //the sample size for this sp
33 } searchIter;
34
35 std::vector<int> getBestIntPt(searchIter &);
36 int searchPt(std::vector<int> &, searchIter &, double &,
double &);
37 void addPt(std::vector<int> &, searchIter &, double fv, double
fr);
38
39 #endif
 
B

beet

* beet:





Please don't quote signatures.
Thanks for your replies...
I modified a bit my code according to your comments, but it seems
problems with declaration of functions:
Click to expand...
g++ -Wall -g -c searchData.cpp
searchData.cpp: In function `int searchPt(std::vector<int,
std::allocator<int> >&, searchIter&, double&, double&)':
searchData.cpp:46: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned
integer expressions
Click to expand...

This is from code you haven't shown. It's just a warning but you should fix it.
  Typical fix to is use 'size_t' for a loop variable.
g++ -Wall -g -o runinv functionfile.o retroSearch.o searchData.o
simlib.o myinv.o mxCalc.o optSolver.o
optSolver.o(.text+0x1d27): In function `egSearch(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, double, float&, double&, searchIterInfo&,
float)':
/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:351:
undefined reference to `getInitStep(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, int, float, int)'
Click to expand...

This an undefined reference because the message says "undefined reference"..

That means the object files you're linking don't have an implementation of that
function.

Probably it's due to a signature mismatch for something you think is an
implementation.
optSolver.o(.text+0x1ffb):/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/
simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:382: undefined reference to
`getInitStep(std::vector<double, std::allocator<double> > const&,
std::vector<double, std::allocator<double> >&, int, float, int)'
optSolver.o(.text+0x4039): In function `fcn(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, double, searchIterInfo&, int, int, float)':
/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:711:
undefined reference to `simplexInterp(std::vector<double,
Click to expand...

"undefined reference"
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<std::vector<int,

optSolver.o(.text+0x465c): In function `fcnPart(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, double, int, searchIterInfo&, int, int,
float)':
/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:768:
undefined reference to `simplexInterp(std::vector<double,
Click to expand...

"undefined reference"
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<std::vector<int,
std::allocator<std::vector<int said:
&, std::vector<int, std::allocator<int> >&, int, float, int)'
Click to expand...
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [runinv] Error 1
Click to expand...
shell returned 2
Click to expand...
----my code ---
Click to expand...
      1 #ifndef _searchData_
      2 #define _searchData_
Click to expand...

Generally only use ALL UPPERCASE for macro names, and never use that convention
for other names, so as to avoid possible name collisions (macros don't respect
scopes)  --  this is a FAQ.

I should have been less specific about underscore advice.

As a rule, never use any leading underscore whatsoever, because in the global
namespace those names are reserved for the implementation, and it's easiest to
just never use them rather than remember where they're not reserved.
      3 #include <vector>
      4 #include <list>
      5
      6 typedef struct searchIterInfo {
Click to expand...

This is a C-ism, not necessary in C++. The C construct

   typedef struct { blah blah } SomeName;

is, in C++, better expressed as

   struct SomeName { blah blah };
      7     searchIterInfo ():
      8     contPts(0),       //continuous trial points
      9     contFvs(0),       //fv for cont points
     10     contFerrors(0),   //std errors for cont points
     11     gradients(0),     //list of gradients
     12     intPts(0),        //evaluated int points
     13     intFvs(0),        //function values for int points
     14     intFerrors(0),    //errors for int points
     15     intPtList(0),     //the monotone list of points
     16     simList(0),       //the simplex list
     17     seedVals(0),      //the seed values
     18     hMtx(0) {};       //the estimated hesian matrix
Click to expand...

Extraneous semicolon after right brace.

Anyway you don't need to define the vector initializations because they're what
you get by default. :)

What you do need to initialize is what you've forgotten to initialize, namely
the members of built-in type 'iterID' and 'sampleSize': since they're not of
class type they don't have automatic default initialization.
     19
     20     std::vector< std::vector<double> > contPts;
     21     std::vector<double>           contFvs;
     22     std::vector<double>           contFerrors;
     23     std::vector< std::vector<double> > gradients;
     24     std::vector< std::vector<int> >    intPts;
     25     std::vector<double>           intFvs;
     26     std::vector<double>           intFerrors;
     27     std::list<int>                intPtList;
     28     std::list<int>                simList;
     29     std::vector<int>              seedVals;
     30     std::vector< std::vector<double> > hMtx;
     31     int iterID;           //the sample path index
     32     double sampleSize;    //the sample size for this sp
Click to expand...

Since the above doesn't communicate any purpose to me, it probably will not
communicate any purpose to you either when you have been away from the code for
some time. So better more self-describing names would probably be a good idea.
It's also possible, but by no means sure, that you're doing an unnecessary
inversion of data structure, using a struct of vectors when problem domain calls
for a vector of structs -- generally a struct of like vectors indicate that. :)
     33 } searchIter;
     34
     35 std::vector<int> getBestIntPt(searchIter &);
     36 int searchPt(std::vector<int> &, searchIter &, double &,
double &);
     37 void addPt(std::vector<int> &, searchIter &, double fv, double
fr);
     38
     39 #endif
Click to expand...

Cheers, & hth.,

- Alf
Click to expand...
- Show quoted text -
Click to expand...

Thanks Alf,

the functions are declared and defined in simInterp.h and
simInterp.cpp respectively:
----code---

#ifndef __SIMINTERP_H__
#define __SIMINTERP_H__

void getBinary(int, vector<int> &, int);
int getDecimal(vector<int> &);
void simplexInterp(vector<double> const&, vector< vector<int> > &,
vector<double> &,
vector<int> &, int = 0, float = 1.0, int = 0);
double getInitStep(const vector<double>&, vector<double> &, int = 0,
float = 1.0, int = 0);

#endif
*****

#include "simInterp.h"
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
void simplexInterp(vector<double> const& x, vector< vector<int> >
&simVerts, vector<double> &wts,
vector<int> &permu, int simCode, float csize, int patCode)
{
...
}

double getInitStep(const vector<double> &x, vector<double> &d, int
simCode, float csize, int bMax)
{
....
}

-----end of code---

I cannot find anything wrong here.

again, thank you very much for your kind help.

Beet
 
B

beet

* beet:





Please don't quote signatures.
Thanks for your replies...
I modified a bit my code according to your comments, but it seems
problems with declaration of functions:
Click to expand...
g++ -Wall -g -c searchData.cpp
searchData.cpp: In function `int searchPt(std::vector<int,
std::allocator<int> >&, searchIter&, double&, double&)':
searchData.cpp:46: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned
integer expressions
Click to expand...

This is from code you haven't shown. It's just a warning but you should fix it.
  Typical fix to is use 'size_t' for a loop variable.
g++ -Wall -g -o runinv functionfile.o retroSearch.o searchData.o
simlib.o myinv.o mxCalc.o optSolver.o
optSolver.o(.text+0x1d27): In function `egSearch(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, double, float&, double&, searchIterInfo&,
float)':
/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:351:
undefined reference to `getInitStep(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, int, float, int)'
Click to expand...

This an undefined reference because the message says "undefined reference"..

That means the object files you're linking don't have an implementation of that
function.

Probably it's due to a signature mismatch for something you think is an
implementation.
optSolver.o(.text+0x1ffb):/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/
simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:382: undefined reference to
`getInitStep(std::vector<double, std::allocator<double> > const&,
std::vector<double, std::allocator<double> >&, int, float, int)'
optSolver.o(.text+0x4039): In function `fcn(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, double, searchIterInfo&, int, int, float)':
/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:711:
undefined reference to `simplexInterp(std::vector<double,
Click to expand...

"undefined reference"
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<std::vector<int,

optSolver.o(.text+0x465c): In function `fcnPart(std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<double,
std::allocator<double> >&, double, int, searchIterInfo&, int, int,
float)':
/home/wang75/myResearch/generic/simContSearch/optSolver.cpp:768:
undefined reference to `simplexInterp(std::vector<double,
Click to expand...

"undefined reference"
std::allocator<double> > const&, std::vector<std::vector<int,
std::allocator<std::vector<int said:
&, std::vector<int, std::allocator<int> >&, int, float, int)'
Click to expand...
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [runinv] Error 1
Click to expand...
shell returned 2
Click to expand...
----my code ---
Click to expand...
      1 #ifndef _searchData_
      2 #define _searchData_
Click to expand...

Generally only use ALL UPPERCASE for macro names, and never use that convention
for other names, so as to avoid possible name collisions (macros don't respect
scopes)  --  this is a FAQ.

I should have been less specific about underscore advice.

As a rule, never use any leading underscore whatsoever, because in the global
namespace those names are reserved for the implementation, and it's easiest to
just never use them rather than remember where they're not reserved.
      3 #include <vector>
      4 #include <list>
      5
      6 typedef struct searchIterInfo {
Click to expand...

This is a C-ism, not necessary in C++. The C construct

   typedef struct { blah blah } SomeName;

is, in C++, better expressed as

   struct SomeName { blah blah };
      7     searchIterInfo ():
      8     contPts(0),       //continuous trial points
      9     contFvs(0),       //fv for cont points
     10     contFerrors(0),   //std errors for cont points
     11     gradients(0),     //list of gradients
     12     intPts(0),        //evaluated int points
     13     intFvs(0),        //function values for int points
     14     intFerrors(0),    //errors for int points
     15     intPtList(0),     //the monotone list of points
     16     simList(0),       //the simplex list
     17     seedVals(0),      //the seed values
     18     hMtx(0) {};       //the estimated hesian matrix
Click to expand...

Extraneous semicolon after right brace.

Anyway you don't need to define the vector initializations because they're what
you get by default. :)

What you do need to initialize is what you've forgotten to initialize, namely
the members of built-in type 'iterID' and 'sampleSize': since they're not of
class type they don't have automatic default initialization.
     19
     20     std::vector< std::vector<double> > contPts;
     21     std::vector<double>           contFvs;
     22     std::vector<double>           contFerrors;
     23     std::vector< std::vector<double> > gradients;
     24     std::vector< std::vector<int> >    intPts;
     25     std::vector<double>           intFvs;
     26     std::vector<double>           intFerrors;
     27     std::list<int>                intPtList;
     28     std::list<int>                simList;
     29     std::vector<int>              seedVals;
     30     std::vector< std::vector<double> > hMtx;
     31     int iterID;           //the sample path index
     32     double sampleSize;    //the sample size for this sp
Click to expand...

Since the above doesn't communicate any purpose to me, it probably will not
communicate any purpose to you either when you have been away from the code for
some time. So better more self-describing names would probably be a good idea.
It's also possible, but by no means sure, that you're doing an unnecessary
inversion of data structure, using a struct of vectors when problem domain calls
for a vector of structs -- generally a struct of like vectors indicate that. :)
     33 } searchIter;
     34
     35 std::vector<int> getBestIntPt(searchIter &);
     36 int searchPt(std::vector<int> &, searchIter &, double &,
double &);
     37 void addPt(std::vector<int> &, searchIter &, double fv, double
fr);
     38
     39 #endif
Click to expand...

Cheers, & hth.,

- Alf

- Show quoted text -
Click to expand...

Thanks Alf,

the functions are declared and defined in simInterp.h and
simInterp.cpp respectively:
----code---

#ifndef __SIMINTERP_H__
#define __SIMINTERP_H__

void getBinary(int, vector<int> &, int);
int getDecimal(vector<int> &);
void simplexInterp(vector<double> const&, vector< vector<int> > &,
vector<double> &,
vector<int> &, int = 0, float = 1.0, int = 0);
double getInitStep(const vector<double>&, vector<double> &, int = 0,
float = 1.0, int = 0);

#endif
*****

#include "simInterp.h"
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
void simplexInterp(vector<double> const& x, vector< vector<int> >
&simVerts, vector<double> &wts,
vector<int> &permu, int simCode, float csize, int patCode)
{
...
}

double getInitStep(const vector<double> &x, vector<double> &d, int
simCode, float csize, int bMax)
{
....
}

-----end of code---

I cannot find anything wrong here.

again, thank you very much for your kind help.

Beet
 

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