Lots of folks would like to "replace" MATLAB. I don't think Ruby and
MATLAB have a heck of a lot in common. And there are lots of open source
math packages, both numeric and symbolic. I personally prefer doing math
in a higher-level language than Ruby, such as R or Axiom.
In any event, I don't think the horse to beat is MATLAB any more, but
Mathematica. MATLAB is really a numeric processing package -- it's
popular in signal and image processing, but there are better tools for
just about everything else these days. Mathematica, on the other hand,
is a really first-rate hunk of code. I've never bought a license for it
-- I don't do enough symbolic math in my day job to justify the cost and
at home, I'd rather play with open source.