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Message: [QUOTE="Babu Kalakrishnan, post: 588247"] [b][b][b][b] Actually I would like to see even the first value (image[r]) also to be and'ed with 0xFF before the shift. (May be the code works because the setRGB operation discards the top 8 bits). Since image is an array of bytes, the values held by it are assumed to be in the range -128 to +127. So if you don't perform the "&" operation, Java will sign extend the byte while performing the promotion to integer, and the MSB 24 bits will end up being "1" in case bit 7 of the byte value was 1. When you and with 0xFF, the sequence of operation is : "promote both values to int and perform the & operation to produce an integer result". So even if the top 24 bits become 1 during the promotion, the and operation will null them to zero. BK[/b][/b][/b][/b] [/QUOTE]