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Message: [QUOTE="Andy Dingley, post: 783075"] Not a good idea in XML though. The idea that "directories are a funny sort of file" is an artefact of some _implementations_ of file systems. As far as data modelling goes it's not the sort of coincidental factor that should be preserved into a more abstract representation. For one thing (and relevant to XML / DTD design) what should the content model be for the children of this "file or directory" node ? Does it have child nodes (as a directory does) or not (as a file does) ? "Borrowing" HTML elements is bad software design too because it's confusing the fact that these are entirely separate elements because they're taken from separate namespaces. Relying on copy-of working and giving the elements matching local-name() properties is piss-poor software engineering. Look up a textbook from back when such things were last taught (1980s ?) and lookup the concept of "coupling". [/QUOTE]