How is the search path for "log4j.properties" file?

[Llyod Altman]

Assume a java program declares and uses a log4j logger.

How is the search path for the responsible log4j.properties file resp.
how is the priority if multiple log4j.properties files exist?

I can think of different levels:

log4j.properties file in the directory where the calling *.class/*.jar is placed
log4j.properties file in the directory where the log4j.jar is placed
log4j.properties file in the directory where the java.exe is placed
log4j.properties file in a special config directory (of the appserver)
log4j.properties file in the directory on the PATH environment variable

Lloyd