Final chapter of "Learn PHP, MySQL and JavaScript"

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Aug 21, 2023
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Hello everyone,
I have a problem with the final chapter of the book "Learn PHP, MySQL and JavaScript". The thing is that when I want to load the index.php locally using AMPPS it doesn't work at all. It does not show me even the index of that chapter. I did not have any problems with the earlier chapters. The code is big but if anybody knows if there is a mistake let me know.
First is the functions.php :

PHP:
<?php // Example 01: functions.php
  $host = 'localhost';    // Change as necessary
  $data = 'robinsnest';   // Change as necessary
  $user = 'robinsnest';   // Change as necessary
  $pass = 'password';     // Change as necessary
  $chrs = 'utf8mb4';
  $attr = "mysql:host=$host;dbname=$data;charset=$chrs";
  $opts =
  [
    PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE            => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION,
    PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC,
    PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES   => false,
  ];
 
  try
  {
    $pdo = new PDO($attr, $user, $pass, $opts);
  }
  catch (PDOException $e)
  {
    throw new PDOException($e->getMessage(), (int)$e->getCode());
  }

  function createTable($name, $query)
  {
    queryMysql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $name($query)");
    echo "Table '$name' created or already exists.<br>";
  }

  function queryMysql($query)
  {
    global $pdo;
    return $pdo->query($query);
  }

  function destroySession()
  {
    $_SESSION=array();

    if (session_id() != "" || isset($_COOKIE[session_name()]))
      setcookie(session_name(), '', time()-2592000, '/');

    session_destroy();
  }

  function sanitizeString($var)
  {
    global $pdo;

    $var = strip_tags($var);
    $var = htmlentities($var);
    $var = stripslashes($var);

    $result = $pdo->quote($var);          // This adds single quotes
    return str_replace("'", "", $result); // So now remove them
  }

  function showProfile($user)
  {
    global $pdo;

    if (file_exists("$user.jpg"))
      echo "<img src='$user.jpg' style='float:left;'>";

    $result = $pdo->query("SELECT * FROM profiles WHERE user='$user'");

    while ($row = $result->fetch())
    {
      die(stripslashes($row['text']) . "<br style='clear:left;'><br>");
    }
    
    echo "<p>Nothing to see here, yet</p><br>";
  }
?>

Than the header.php :

PHP:
<?php // Example 02: header.php
  session_start();

echo <<<_INIT
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset='utf-8'>
    <meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1'>
    <link rel='stylesheet' href='jquery.mobile-1.4.5.min.css'>
    <link rel='stylesheet' href='styles.css' type='text/css'>
    <script src='javascript.js'></script>
    <script src='jquery-2.2.4.min.js'></script>
    <script src='jquery.mobile-1.4.5.min.js'></script>

_INIT;

  require_once 'functions.php';

  $userstr = 'Welcome Guest';
  $randstr = substr(md5(rand()), 0, 7);

  if (isset($_SESSION['user']))
  {
    $user     = $_SESSION['user'];
    $loggedin = TRUE;
    $userstr  = "Logged in as: $user";
  }
  else $loggedin = FALSE;

echo <<<_MAIN
    <title>Robin's Nest: $userstr</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div data-role='page'>
      <div data-role='header'>
        <div id='logo' class='center'>R<img id='robin' src='robin.gif'>bin's Nest</div>
        <div class='username'>$userstr</div>
      </div>
      <div data-role='content'>

_MAIN;

  if ($loggedin)
  {
echo <<<_LOGGEDIN
        <div class='center'>
          <a data-role='button' data-inline='true' data-icon='home'
            data-transition="slide" href='members.php?view=$user&r=$randstr'>Home</a>
          <a data-role='button' data-inline='true' data-icon='user'
            data-transition="slide" href='members.php?r=$randstr'>Members</a>
          <a data-role='button' data-inline='true' data-icon='heart'
            data-transition="slide" href='friends.php?r=$randstr'>Friends</a><br>
          <a data-role='button' data-inline='true' data-icon='mail'
            data-transition="slide" href='messages.php?r=$randstr'>Messages</a>
          <a data-role='button' data-inline='true' data-icon='edit'
            data-transition="slide" href='profile.php?r=$randstr'>Edit Profile</a>
          <a data-role='button' data-inline='true' data-icon='action'
            data-transition="slide" href='logout.php?r=$randstr'>Log out</a>
        </div>
        
_LOGGEDIN;
  }
  else
  {
echo <<<_GUEST
        <div class='center'>
          <a data-role='button' data-inline='true' data-icon='home'
            data-transition='slide' href='index.php?r=$randstr''>Home</a>
          <a data-role='button' data-inline='true' data-icon='plus'
            data-transition="slide" href='signup.php?r=$randstr''>Sign Up</a>
          <a data-role='button' data-inline='true' data-icon='check'
            data-transition="slide" href='login.php?r=$randstr''>Log In</a>
        </div>
        <p class='info'>(You must be logged in to use this app)</p>
        
_GUEST;
  }
?>

Than the setup.php :

PHP:
<!DOCTYPE html> <!-- Example 03: setup.php -->
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Setting up database</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h3>Setting up...</h3>

<?php
  require_once 'functions.php';

  createTable('members',
              'user VARCHAR(16),
              pass VARCHAR(16),
              INDEX(user(6))');

  createTable('messages',
              'id INT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
              auth VARCHAR(16),
              recip VARCHAR(16),
              pm CHAR(1),
              time INT UNSIGNED,
              message VARCHAR(4096),
              INDEX(auth(6)),
              INDEX(recip(6))');

  createTable('friends',
              'user VARCHAR(16),
              friend VARCHAR(16),
              INDEX(user(6)),
              INDEX(friend(6))');

  createTable('profiles',
              'user VARCHAR(16),
              text VARCHAR(4096),
              INDEX(user(6))');
?>

    <br>...done.
  </body>
</html>

And the index.php :

PHP:
<?php // Example 04: index.php
  session_start();
  require_once 'header.php';

  echo "<div class='center'>Welcome to Robin's Nest,";

  if ($loggedin) echo " $user, you are logged in";
  else           echo ' please sign up or log in';

  echo <<<_END
      </div><br>
    </div>
    <div data-role="footer">
      <h4>Web App from <i><a href='https://github.com/RobinNixon/lpmj6'
      target='_blank'>Learning PHP MySQL & JavaScript</a></i></h4>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>
_END;
?>

Till now I should be able to see how the site looks. Of corse there is a styles.css but it would be too much from me in this post.
Thanks.
 
Joined
Jul 4, 2023
Messages
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IMO, I found first source of problem

here
PHP:
  function createTable($name, $query)
  {
    queryMysql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $name($query)");
    echo "Table '$name' created or already exists.<br>";
  }

it should be : space between $name and ($query)
PHP:
function createTable($name, $query)
{
    queryMysql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $name ($query)");
    echo "Table '$name' created or already exists.<br>";
}

or
PHP:
function createTable($name, $columns)
{
    queryMysql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $name ($columns)");
    echo "Table '$name' created or already exists.<br>";
}

$columns – the variable name is more specific in describing what it's contents are supposed to be.
Sample $columns contents:
PHP:
$columns = 'id INT PRIMARY KEY, username VARCHAR(50), password VARCHAR(50)';
PHP:
createTable('users', 'id INT PRIMARY KEY, username VARCHAR(50), password VARCHAR(50)');
 
Joined
Aug 21, 2023
Messages
40
Reaction score
0
IMO, I found first source of problem

here
PHP:
  function createTable($name, $query)
  {
    queryMysql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $name($query)");
    echo "Table '$name' created or already exists.<br>";
  }

it should be : space between $name and ($query)
PHP:
function createTable($name, $query)
{
    queryMysql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $name ($query)");
    echo "Table '$name' created or already exists.<br>";
}

or
PHP:
function createTable($name, $columns)
{
    queryMysql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $name ($columns)");
    echo "Table '$name' created or already exists.<br>";
}

$columns – the variable name is more specific in describing what it's contents are supposed to be.
Sample $columns contents:
PHP:
$columns = 'id INT PRIMARY KEY, username VARCHAR(50), password VARCHAR(50)';
PHP:
createTable('users', 'id INT PRIMARY KEY, username VARCHAR(50), password VARCHAR(50)');
Thanks for help but it doesn't work for me. It won't even show me the index of lesson29.
 
Joined
Jul 4, 2023
Messages
466
Reaction score
56
IMO, second one, in this file no need to use: session_start()
PHP:
<?php // Example 02: header.php
  // session_start();

 echo <<<_INIT
 

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