I think you are a bit confused here.
As is often misunderstood by the layperson, a Web Developer does not
always create graphics, logos, or identity, or create written, video,
or audio content for a website, however some do.
Web Designers, Web Copy Editors and Web Content Creators are different
from Web Developers.
A web developer is a software developer or software engineer who is
specifically engaged in the development of World Wide Web
applications, or distributed network applications that are run over
the HTTP protocol from a web server to a web browser.
Although many web developers are also skilled in web design,
information architecture, usability engineering, web content
management systems, web server administration, and search engine
optimization, many of them are not, and the final result are superbly
coded sites that are horribly looking, never show up in search engines
and lack any real-world useful functionality.
Fine argument.
And you can go get a college degree in programming without even taking
a graphic arts course at all.
Neither XHTML nor JavaScript are required to design websites nowadays.
The International Standards, specially when it comes to CSS
implementation across different browsers, are anything but Standards.
And by that same argument, if you want to promote yourself as a web
designer, you should have an extensive Graphic Design background
CSS has been out for 11 years now, but real implementation of CSS in
web design, hasn't caught on until recent years, due to its horrendous
implementation.
Anyone who is unable to understand and put into practice the most
basic principles of Graphic Design should not be advertising
themselves as web designers, ever.
They just do not have the skills to do the job on a professional
level.
A Web page consists of information for which the Web site is developed
and in that sense, a website might be compared to a book, where each
page of the book is a web page.
There are many basic design concerns such as:
* The content: The substance, and information on the site should
be relevant to the site and should target the area of the public that
the website is concerned with.
* The usability: The site should be user-friendly, with the
interface and navigation simple and reliable.
* The appearance: The graphics and text should include a single
style that flows throughout, to show consistency. The style should be
professional, appealing and relevant.
* The visibility: The site must also be easy to find via most, if
not all, major search engines and advertisement media.
Many web developers who call themselves also web designers fail to
acknowledge these basic design aspects.
The result is that pages created by web designers rank usually higher
than pages created by web developers who lack understanding and
training in the field of Graphic Design.
Here is a definition for you of Web design. I am sure even you will
agree that graphic artists in general are not trained in the languages
and technologies needed to do the web design job especially when it
comes to Dynamic pages as defined below. (By the way the definition is
from wikipedia)
Web design is a process of conceptualization, planning, modeling, and
execution of electronic media content delivery via Internet in the
form of Markup language suitable for interpretation by Web browser and
display as Graphical user interface (GUI).
The intent of web design is to create a web site -- a collection of
electronic files that reside on a web server/servers and present
content and interactive features/interfaces to the end user in form of
Web pages once requested. Such elements as text, bit-mapped images
(GIFs, JPEGs, PNGs), forms can be placed on the page using HTML/XHTML/
XML tags. Displaying more complex media (vector graphics, animations,
videos, sounds) requires plug-ins such as Flash, QuickTime, Java run-
time environment, etc. Plug-ins are also embedded into web page by
using HTML/XHTML tags.
Improvements in browsers' compliance with W3C standards prompted a
widespread acceptance and usage of XHTML/XML in conjunction with
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to position and manipulate web page
elements and objects. Latest standards and proposals aim at leading to
browsers' ability to deliver a wide variety of media and accessibility
options to the client possibly without employing plug-ins.
Typically web pages are classified as static or dynamic.
Static pages don't change content and layout with every request unless
a human (web master/programmer) manually updates the page.
Dynamic pages adapt their content and/or appearance depending on end-
user's input/interaction or changes in the computing environment
(user, time, database modifications, etc.) Content can be changed on
the client side (end-user's computer) by using client-side scripting
languages (JavaScript, JScript, Actionscript, etc.) to alter DOM
elements (DHTML). Dynamic content is often compiled on the server
utilizing server-side scripting languages (Perl, PHP, ASP, JSP,
ColdFusion, etc.). Both approaches are usually used in complex
applications.
With growing specialization within communication design and
information technology fields, there is a strong tendency to draw a
clear line between web design and web development.
Now it was stated earlier in this post that
"Anyone who is unable to understand and put into practice the most
basic principles of Graphic Design should not be advertising
themselves as web designers, ever.
They just do not have the skills to do the job on a professional
level."
It is also true that you can get a bachelor of Science Degree in
Graphic Design and not even have a class in HTML or CSS for that
matter. With that being said Graphic Artists should never advertise
themselves as web designers as they just do not have the skills to do
the job on a professional level.
Graphic Artists in general are not trained to work with the web markup
languages, scripting language, programming languages, frameworks or
even styles.
In reality you touched on it a bit earlier when you said Developers
can write a page that is code perfect but looks ugly. In reality a
graphic artist might be able to create a pretty picture of a web
layout but be totally clueless on how to properly code it to be a
functional website. A web designer indicates a level of coding skills
not required of a graphic artist. For a web designer the appearance
of a site to others does not matter. What one person perceives as ugly
might be exactly what the customer is asking for. It may in fact go
against multiple graphic arts rules or concepts such as the rule of
thirds for example.