OpenStruct,, know what keys are set

[Aaron Smith]

I need to use an OpenStruct to mimic what an object acts like in another
language. is it possible somehow to find what keys are set on an
OpenStruct at any given time?

thanks

 

[Sharon Phillips]

I need to use an OpenStruct to mimic what an object acts like in
another
language. is it possible somehow to find what keys are set on an
OpenStruct at any given time?

Disclaimer: I'm fairly new to this, so there's a reasonable chance
I'm wrong to some degree.

Internally, OpenStruct stores the keys as symbols in a hash in an
array @table which can be accessed via marshal_dump.

Alternatively, you may like to add a method like keys_added:

require 'ostruct'

class OpenStruct
def keys_added
@table.keys.map{|k| k.to_s}
end
end

person= OpenStruct.new
person.name= "Fred"
person.age= 100

person.keys_added
=> ["age", "name"]

 

[Robert Klemme]

I need to use an OpenStruct to mimic what an object acts like in another
language. is it possible somehow to find what keys are set on an
OpenStruct at any given time?

Disclaimer: I'm fairly new to this, so there's a reasonable chance I'm
wrong to some degree.

Internally, OpenStruct stores the keys as symbols in a hash in an array
@table which can be accessed via marshal_dump.

Alternatively, you may like to add a method like keys_added:

require 'ostruct'

class OpenStruct
def keys_added
@table.keys.map{|k| k.to_s}
end
end

person= OpenStruct.new
person.name= "Fred"
person.age= 100

person.keys_added
=> ["age", "name"]

Yeah, there doesn't seem to be a public method for this. An alternative
approach (btw, I'd stick with symbols as they are more efficient):

irb(main):010:0> o=OpenStruct.new
=> #<OpenStruct>
irb(main):011:0> o.foo=1
=> 1
irb(main):012:0> o.bar=2
=> 2
irb(main):013:0> o.instance_variable_get("@table").keys
=> [:bar, :foo]

OTOH, if you frequently need to get the list of defined members a Hash
is probably a better choice.

Kind regards

robert

 

[Nobuyoshi Nakada]

Hi,

At Sat, 10 Mar 2007 17:29:18 +0900,
Aaron Smith wrote in [ruby-talk:242836]:

I need to use an OpenStruct to mimic what an object acts like in another
language. is it possible somehow to find what keys are set on an
OpenStruct at any given time?

o = OpenStruct.new
o.foo = 1
o.bar = 2
p o.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/) #=> ["bar", "foo"]

 

[Aaron Smith]

Thanks for all the input.

Heres some testing:

require 'ostruct'
require 'benchmark'

lady = OpenStruct.new
0.upto(100) do |i|
eval("lady.cat#{i} = i")
#puts eval("lady.cat#{i}")
end

Benchmark.bm do |x|
x.report("Find all keys 1"){lady.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/)}
x.report("Find all keys 2"){lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys}
x.report("Find all keys 3"){lady.keys_added}
end

#puts "\n" + lady.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/).to_s
#puts "\n" + lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys.to_s
#puts "\n" + lady.keys_added #this is always nil.


OUTPUT:
user system total real
Find all keys 1 1.130000 0.050000 1.180000 ( 1.185657)
Find all keys 2 0.020000 0.000000 0.020000 ( 0.019773)
Find all keys 3 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.000020)

Results speak for themselves.

 

[Robert Klemme]

Thanks for all the input.

Heres some testing:

require 'ostruct'
require 'benchmark'

lady = OpenStruct.new
0.upto(100) do |i|
eval("lady.cat#{i} = i")
#puts eval("lady.cat#{i}")
end

Benchmark.bm do |x|
x.report("Find all keys 1"){lady.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/)}
x.report("Find all keys 2"){lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys}
x.report("Find all keys 3"){lady.keys_added}
end

#puts "\n" + lady.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/).to_s
#puts "\n" + lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys.to_s
#puts "\n" + lady.keys_added #this is always nil.


OUTPUT:
user system total real
Find all keys 1 1.130000 0.050000 1.180000 ( 1.185657)
Find all keys 2 0.020000 0.000000 0.020000 ( 0.019773)
Find all keys 3 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.000020)

Results speak for themselves.

Um, for what implementation of "keys_added"? The comment points out
that it always returns nil - I suspect you just measured performance of
an OpenStruct ad hoc getter:

irb(main):005:0> OpenStruct.new.keys_added
=> nil
irb(main):006:0> OpenStruct.new.foo_bar
=> nil

Kind regards

robert

 

[Aaron Smith]

Um, for what implementation of "keys_added"? The comment points out

that it always returns nil - I suspect you just measured performance of
an OpenStruct ad hoc getter:

irb(main):005:0> OpenStruct.new.keys_added
=> nil
irb(main):006:0> OpenStruct.new.foo_bar
=> nil

Kind regards

robert

Ah yes, you caught me. I completely overlooked this code in the above
exmaple:
class OpenStruct
def keys_added
@table.keys.map{|k| k.to_s}
end
end


--
New Tests:

require 'ostruct'
require 'benchmark'

class OpenStruct
def keys_added
@table.keys.map{|k| k.to_s}
end
end

lady = OpenStruct.new
0.upto(10) do |i|
eval("lady.cat#{i} = i")
#puts eval("lady.cat#{i}")
end

Benchmark.bm do |x|
x.report("Find all keys 1"){lady.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/)}
x.report("Find all keys 2"){lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys}
x.report("Find all keys 3"){lady.keys_added}
x.report("Find all keys
4"){lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys.map{|k| k.to_s }}
end


#puts "\n" + lady.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/).to_s
#puts "\n" + lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys.to_s
#puts "\n" + lady.keys_added.to_s
#puts "\n" + lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys.map{|k| k.to_s
}.to_s


OUTPUT:
user system total real
Find all keys 1 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.000077)
Find all keys 2 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.000014)
Find all keys 3 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.000017)
Find all keys 4 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.000016)

 

[Robert Klemme]

Um, for what implementation of "keys_added"? The comment points out
that it always returns nil - I suspect you just measured performance of
an OpenStruct ad hoc getter:

irb(main):005:0> OpenStruct.new.keys_added
=> nil
irb(main):006:0> OpenStruct.new.foo_bar
=> nil

Kind regards

robert

Ah yes, you caught me. I completely overlooked this code in the above
exmaple:
class OpenStruct
def keys_added
@table.keys.map{|k| k.to_s}
end
end


--
New Tests:

require 'ostruct'
require 'benchmark'

class OpenStruct
def keys_added
@table.keys.map{|k| k.to_s}
end
end

lady = OpenStruct.new
0.upto(10) do |i|
eval("lady.cat#{i} = i")
#puts eval("lady.cat#{i}")
end

Benchmark.bm do |x|
x.report("Find all keys 1"){lady.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/)}
x.report("Find all keys 2"){lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys}
x.report("Find all keys 3"){lady.keys_added}
x.report("Find all keys
4"){lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys.map{|k| k.to_s }}
end


#puts "\n" + lady.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/).to_s
#puts "\n" + lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys.to_s
#puts "\n" + lady.keys_added.to_s
#puts "\n" + lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys.map{|k| k.to_s
}.to_s


OUTPUT:
user system total real
Find all keys 1 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.000077)
Find all keys 2 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.000014)
Find all keys 3 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.000017)
Find all keys 4 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.000016)

You should add iterations to the blocks - otherwise the figures are
pretty uninformative. Using bmbm (with rehearsal) might also be a
good idea.

Kind regards

robert

 

[Aaron Smith]

You should add iterations to the blocks - otherwise the figures are
pretty uninformative. Using bmbm (with rehearsal) might also be a
good idea.

Kind regards

robert

Or if you change the amount of cats the lady has, from 10 to 100000.
then you'll see something more:

lady = OpenStruct.new
0.upto(100000) do |i|
eval("lady.cat#{i} = i")
#puts eval("lady.cat#{i}")
end

i'll add iterations to the blocks as well.

 

[Jan Friedrich]

o = OpenStruct.new
o.foo = 2
o.bar = 4
o.marshal_dump # => {:foo=>2, :bar=>4}
o.marshal_dump.keys # => [:foo, :bar]

regards,
Jan

 

[Aaron Smith]

o = OpenStruct.new
o.foo = 2
o.bar = 4
o.marshal_dump # => {:foo=>2, :bar=>4}
o.marshal_dump.keys # => [:foo, :bar]

regards,
Jan

nice one, that's faster..

require 'ostruct'
require 'benchmark'

class OpenStruct
def keys_added
@table.keys.map{|k| k.to_s}
end
end

lady = OpenStruct.new
0.upto(10) do |i|
eval("lady.cat#{i} = i")
#puts eval("lady.cat#{i}")
end

Benchmark.bm do |x|
x.report("Find all keys 1"){
0.upto(100000) do
lady.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/)
end
}

x.report("Find all keys 2"){
0.upto(100000) do
lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys
end
}

x.report("Find all keys 3"){
0.upto(100000) do
lady.keys_added
end
}


x.report("Find all keys 4"){
0.upto(100000) do
lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys.map{|k| k.to_s }
end
}

x.report("Find all keys 5"){
0.upto(100000) do
lady.marshal_dump.keys
end
}
end

user system total real
Find all keys 1 4.110000 0.010000 4.120000 ( 4.151098)
Find all keys 2 0.160000 0.000000 0.160000 ( 0.153028)
Find all keys 3 0.870000 0.010000 0.880000 ( 0.884275)
Find all keys 4 0.900000 0.000000 0.900000 ( 0.897666)
Find all keys 5 0.130000 0.000000 0.130000 ( 0.137231)

 

[Sharon Phillips]

o = OpenStruct.new
o.foo = 2
o.bar = 4
o.marshal_dump # => {:foo=>2, :bar=>4}
o.marshal_dump.keys # => [:foo, :bar]

regards,
Jan

nice one, that's faster..

marshal_dump returns @table, so marshal_dump.keys == @table.keys
except that @table is not accessable from outside OpenStruct.
http://www.ruby-doc.org/stdlib/libdoc/ostruct/rdoc/classes/
OpenStruct.html
Click on the [Source] link to see the code behind these methods.

Note that some of your examples here return symbols (2 and 5) whilst
3 and 4 take an extra step of transforming these into strings.

Looks like you're having fun
Dave

require 'ostruct'
require 'benchmark'

class OpenStruct
def keys_added
@table.keys.map{|k| k.to_s}
end
end

lady = OpenStruct.new
0.upto(10) do |i|
eval("lady.cat#{i} = i")
#puts eval("lady.cat#{i}")
end

Benchmark.bm do |x|
x.report("Find all keys 1"){
0.upto(100000) do
lady.methods(false).grep(/[^=]$/)
end
}

x.report("Find all keys 2"){
0.upto(100000) do
lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys
end
}

x.report("Find all keys 3"){
0.upto(100000) do
lady.keys_added
end
}


x.report("Find all keys 4"){
0.upto(100000) do
lady.instance_variable_get("@table").keys.map{|k| k.to_s }
end
}

x.report("Find all keys 5"){
0.upto(100000) do
lady.marshal_dump.keys
end
}
end

user system total real
Find all keys 1 4.110000 0.010000 4.120000 ( 4.151098)
Find all keys 2 0.160000 0.000000 0.160000 ( 0.153028)
Find all keys 3 0.870000 0.010000 0.880000 ( 0.884275)
Find all keys 4 0.900000 0.000000 0.900000 ( 0.897666)
Find all keys 5 0.130000 0.000000 0.130000 ( 0.137231)

 

[Aaron Smith]

nice one, that's faster..

marshal_dump returns @table, so marshal_dump.keys == @table.keys
except that @table is not accessable from outside OpenStruct.
http://www.ruby-doc.org/stdlib/libdoc/ostruct/rdoc/classes/
OpenStruct.html
Click on the [Source] link to see the code behind these methods.

Note that some of your examples here return symbols (2 and 5) whilst
3 and 4 take an extra step of transforming these into strings.

Looks like you're having fun
Dave

Hey Dave, thanks,
yes I love ruby. I've never had so much fun with a programming language.

It didn't even occur to me I have k.to_s in example 4. I appreciate
you're input.

-a

 

[Trans]

I need to use an OpenStruct to mimic what an object acts like in another
language. is it possible somehow to find what keys are set on an
OpenStruct at any given time?

thanks

a little late to the party but in any case...

require 'facets/core/ostruct/instance_delegate'

OpenStruct.newa=>1,:b=>2).instance_delegate.keys #=> [ :a, :b ]

T.